Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Questions - Essay Example QUESTION TWO In his poem, ‘Puerto Rican obituary,’ Pedro Pietri urges the New York Puerto Rican community to switch to their own imaginations instead of turning to the televisions that are only filled with American influence. As reflected from the tone in the twenty third stanzas, the author makes several suggestions to the New York Puerto Ricans. He argues that the Puerto Ricans should solely rely on Latina souls as the sole religious background for their race, and not on the bibles. The New York Puerto Ricans ought to have learnt from the manner in which their fellow citizens were buried shamefully; â€Å"without underwear’s† as he claims. Pedro concludes his poem by stating that, living the Puerto Rican mode of life; where beautiful people work, sing and dance together is way much better. The weather conditions are favorable and they do a need a dictionary to communicate to each other. QUESTION THREE Most Puerto Ricans in the poem went to America with dr eams of living a luxurious life, and earning hefty pay, only to end up as well trained janitors who were laughed at. Those from the island spent their last days working as porters, maids, factory workers, stock and shipping clerks, messenger boys, and mailroom assistants. They only ended up in their island cemetery after all the hard work. The situation is no different from the case in ‘Chango fire’ by Quinonez. ... The seller gave her instructions on how to perform a ritual as she was supplied with the required items. Despite her attack by some boys in the park she was able to get home and perform her ritual. The ritual revealed that she should go back to Santeria with her mother. Lourdes also some magical encounters; as she was an auxiliary policeman she would encounters her father’s spirit on a regular basis. Felicia suffers physical abuse from her husband Hugo Villaverde. Hugo constantly vanishes from her life; he later on infects her with syphilis. Felicia attempts to kill him in his sleep by dropping a torched rag on his face; Hugo decides to disappear completely. At an early age Felicia befriended the high priest daughter; Herminia Delgado. She helps guide Felicia into their religion. Felicia constantly descends into madness: During her second pregnancy, after the death of Ernestro, of which she had to leave Santeria. She did not know her identity and she suffered memory lose for m onths. After the death of her third husband, Felicia returned to Santeria and embraces priesthood. QUESTION FIVE In relation to revolutionary affiliations; Celia portrays an unwavering support for El Lider and the revolution. She uses her role as the Santeria judge in the peoples court, to suppress creative work. She only gathers support from her son Javier. Her perception distances her from Lourdes, Felicia and Pillar of whom she was close to. Lourdes is also distant from her own daughter Pillar due to her anxiety for the pro U.S. patriotism. However Lourdes defends her daughter when she painted a punk statue of liberty for those that were not veiling. The impact of this political division was so significant that

Communication system Essay Example for Free

Communication system Essay Use and develop systems that promote communication 1. Be able to address the range of communication requirement in own role 1. 1 Review the range of groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed in own job role. Working within Surestart I work with many groups and individuals whose communication needs must be addressed which include 16 staff members, services users to date we have 1700 families registered with Surestart. We would have a lot of communication with Health visitors regarding referrals that they have sent in and also follow up telephone calls if there is any concerns with the family. I would also have contact with social services and be asked to attend case review meetings. I would also be expected to communicate with other agencies to refer our service users on the appropriate agencies for example other children centres, counsellors, women’s Aid and Hidden Harm Social worker, 1. 2 Explain how to support effective communication within own job role Effective communication and interaction play a very important role in the work of everybody that works within Surestart. I feel that how I support effective communication is by setting a good example to staff. With communication been so important for the day to day running of the centre, each staff member would be asked to write in the diary in the main office so people can know where they are (this is for the save guarding of staff if they are out of the office, lone worker policy) There is also a white board in the main office so when staff are in programmes other staff are aware of this and that the parents/baby room are booked. I would also support communication by attending staff meeting ever second week and staff are told that they must attend once a month. There is also an open door policy as sometimes there is information that staff do not want to share in a team meeting as there maybe difficulties within the team and they would like to share information on a one to one basic. 1. 3 Analyse the barriers and challenges to communication within own job role The barriers and challenges that I would face is staff working part time, staff out doing programme and also may be difficult feeling between staff members. The other barriers and challenges that I would face is staff do not take on board what you are saying to them as they feel they are right so they do not even listen to what you are trying to explain. Some people may pick you up wrong on the information you are trying to get across. 1. 4 Implement a strategy to overcome communication barriers Make sure I speak very clear, focus on what information I would like them to take on board. Supervision on a monthly basis, open door policy if anyone has a problem they can talk about it. Staff can ring and send emails at any time. The childcare supervisor meets with the childcare team every morning to make sure that all creches have enough staff and if they have any concerns regarding the children. There is also a referral meeting once a week where we discuss the referral that health visitor/social workers have send in and also to discuss and concerns we would have regarding the parents. I also send rely slips to social worker / health visitor to let them know if a home visit has been completed or if we have been unable to contact the family. Use different means of communication to meet different needs I am aware that each staff member has different learning styles, some staff like sharing information in a group and other staff like to share information in a one to one. It is also very important for me to take this on board as I do not want any member of the team feeling frustrated and ineffective. I want staff to be able to trust me and let them see that I value the work that they do. The different means of communication I use to meet different needs are. Emails are a very effective means of communication as each staff members gets the information at the same time and not second hand. Emails can be sent at any time and also printed out to file or record information that has been sent or received. Team meeting again are a very good as all staff are getting the same information and this is a nice way for other staff to meet and let everyone else know how things are going and if anyone is finding a family or child difficult then there is the support of the whole team for ideas of how to handle a situation. If anyone cannot make it then the team minutes are there to read. Telephone if I am not in the office I can still be reached on my mobile if anyone needs anything. Health visitor/Social worker would also contact me by telephone if they needed an update on a family. Staff diary in the main office this lets staff members know who is in which room and if anyone is on leave or sick or if someone has an appointment. Sign in and out sheet beside the exit door this is for safety reasons as if there was a fire in the building then I would know who is in and out Reply slips are back to the health visitors/social worker as an update for the referral they have send in. Letters to parents this is to invite them along to programmes/events. Thought-out the year I would facilitate information mornings for breastfeeding support, weaning work shop and feeding for under 5’s this would be to share information to welcome new service users to the Surestart. Face to face, my office is open to all staff at any time if they need to talk about anything. CU2941 Use and develop systems that promote communication 2. Be able to improve communication systems and practise support positive outcomes for individuals 2. Monitor the effectiveness of communication systems and practices. The diary in the front office if very effective for staff on home visit as we know where there are for their safety (lone worker policy). white board in the main office is very effective as this is where all staff write down their programmes so if there is any phone calls for staff the secretary knows if they are in the office or in programmes. Emails can be sent at any time and it means that the same information is been told to the staff at the same time and it is also the staffs responsible to pick up their emails. The childcare supervisor meets with the childcare staff each morning I feel that this is very effective as this is in place to make sure that all rooms are covered with their ratio, and most importantly that the needs of the children are met and if there is any problem in any of the setting it can be addressed as needed and that staff do not have to wait 2 weeks for a team meeting to discuss. One to one communication i. e. Supervision and APR, I feel that this is very important within a setting. N-Drive this is where documents can be saved and all staff can access it. In our office we have a policy of hot desking so documents can accessed at any computer. This is also for Surestart forms and newsletters so all staff can print them out as needed. Reply slips to health visitors/social worker/other agencies this is where I reply to any referral letter that the project receives, I would reply to the other agencies if this family had received a home visit and services offered, if I was unable to contact the family for different reasons or if the family did not want to avail of Surestart services. Phone if I cannot be reached at any time then a message can be left for me to return there call. 2. 2 Evaluate the effectiveness of existing communication systems and practice Evaluating the effectiveness of existing communication systems and practice I am going to start with the ones I feels are the most effective. One to One Communication I feel that this works very well within a team as some staff members do not like to speak in front of other and feel that their ideas might not be good enough. I also feel that face to face communication is very effective as some people can pick up a message wrong and take the wrong tone with an email. Supervision this is there for staff to talk confidently with their manger I feel that this is very effective means of communication for the manger to tell how well things are going for that member of staff and for the staff member to say how they really feel about how things are going. ( I also feel that you have to have a good relationship with your staff for this to work, you have to be relaxed and friendly and staff members also have to trust you). Supervision is also very effective as this give staff clear boundaries of what is expected of them for the month a head and also make sure they are on target to achieve the targets in their APR. Team meetings I also think this is effective as this can let everybody know how programmes are going if there is any follows to do with families in any of the programmes. If anyone is having any difficulties if any of the programmes is nice to get other ideas how to deal with it. It is also there for sharing information for the Surestart board and action for children. To let staff know what training is coming up. ARP- I have been working in a Surestart setting for the last 11 years, I feel that this is the first year I have felt that an APR has been effective like the rest of communication systems if it is not done right then it will not be effective. APR is there to set goal and targets for the year ahead, I feel this is very important for staff as they know what is expected of them for the year ahead and then this is monitored at each supervision to make sure that staff in on track with their targets. Childcare meeting every morning I feel that this is very effective as each member of the childcare team no where they are each day and who is covering in each setting and also if any member of the childcare team is concerned about a child this is discussed each morning. Emails- I feel has pro and con. It is very effective in a way that emails can be sent at any time and is very good for all staff to receive the information at the same time. I also feels that staff can pick the tone of emails up wrong and some information is best said face to face. Reply letter to health visitors/social workers/other agencies I feel that this is a very effective The diary in the front office This is effective if everyone plays there part in filling it in. If someone is on training or off on A/L and forgets to fill it in then it is very hard for other staff to know where they are. N-Drive This is effective as all the Surestart form and standard letters are on it as well as newsletters. It is also that as this is used while hot desking it means that the documents that are placed on this drive can be accessed by the whole team so if I was saving any confidential information I would also password protect it. Phone I do feel that this is effective as if I am not available by phone or mobile then a message can also be left. 2. 3 Propose improvements to communication systems and practices to address any short comings I feel that communication can always be improved as we are only human and staff do forget to pass on messages, response to emails, and even fill in the diary in the main office. I have proposed that each desk has message pad so that all messages have to written down. I have proposed that the main diary is to be brought to the team meeting so that if anyone has any leave booked, any visits arranged or training then this can go into the diary. I would also remind everybody at team meeting about remembering to fill in the diary I have also propose that the reply slips to the health visitors/social workers be changed as I feel it could be improved. 2. 4 Lead the implementation of revised communication system and practices CU 2941 Use and develop systems that promote communication 3. Be able to improve communication systems to promote partnership working 3. 1 Use communication systems to promote partnership working The systems that we use to promote partnership working is: One to one communications I meet with the health visitor for breastfeeding once a week. Also any of the health visitors are welcome to call in at any time. Some health visitors like to bring parents that are hard to engage into the centre to meet me to show them around the building and meet the staff. I would also have contact face to face with our families on a daily basis through programmes and also registrations. Phone call health visitors/social services and other agencies would phone for update and regarding case review meetings. Families would also phone on a daily basis if they needed help with anything or information. Post we post letters to the agencies if we are unable to reach the families or if they no longer wish to be involved with the service. I would also post letters and newsletter to families. Emails some agencies like to send email as it is a faster way for them and this is ok with me as long as it is recorded. Referral reply this is a letter drawing and signed by Surestart parents that we have permission to send it back to the health visitors to say we have been in contact and the Surestart services have been offered. Information events this is different events for Surestart to promote their services 3. 2 Compare the effectiveness of different communications systems for partnership working I feel within waterside Surestart the systems we use are very effective. One to one communication I feel is very effective as this can reassure service users and colleagues and also outside agencies, you can focus on the goal. I can be supportive and positive to all that need it. I can also assess the services users’ needs and provide them with the support needed and I also feel that this builds trust and relationships. Phone call I feel that this is a very effective way of communicating as some health visitor/social worker/other agencies need an update ASAP as they may be on their way to a review meeting. All if a member of staff is not on the office this is a good way of communicating. As my role as family support worker I be in contact with families every day on the phone, may it be they have a question or I am inviting the families to programmes or arranging home visits. Emails This is a very effective way that I communicate in Surestart, supervision notes to be sent 3 says before supervision, team meeting are to be sent and read before the meeting. Agencies are able to send emails / newsletters Referral Response I feel that this is a very effective way that Surestart communicate. This is send to health visitors/social workers who send in a referral this is to show the agencies that we have made contact with that family or that we have tried to contact the family and after 4 weeks we are unable to reach them. Information events I feel that this is not really effective as we work on catchment areas and this is very hard to have an event in a general area, it has to be within the area, as we do not like to turn people away that may be interested in the service, as when agencies send in referrals they have a list of streets that is inside the catchment area and only if there is a need then they can be outside the area. Propose to improvements to communications systems for partnership working I do believe that communication within waterside Surestart has got a lot better in the last year, I feel that this has a great deal to do with our new manager, she has gained the trust and respect of the staff and in return it is a pleasure to work with. I feel that I have a great leader to follow and learn a great deal from. The only improvement that could be made is that a leaflet could be drawn up for families that are outside the catchment area so that they leave with something rather than going away with no information (this is in the process on being done). I am also assisting the upgrade of the referral response form so that families sign this form so that we have permission to hold their information and that we are allow to send the form back to the referrer. CU2941 Use and develop systems that promote communications 4. Be able to use systems for effective information management 4. 1 Explain legal and ethical tensions between maintaining confidentiality and sharing information Working with in a Surestart setting for the last 11 years, I know that confidentiality is very important. It’s important for agencies and services users to build a trusting relationship with me. I am very honest with the people I work with, when I am completing a registration form with parents I do tell them that their details will stay in a locked filing cabinet for 7 years, that there information is stored on a database password protected until there child/ren turn 4. I also let the parents know that under the data protection act they are able to see their file at any time. Parents also sign a form that we are able to share information with the health visitor and other agencies involved if we have any concerns regarding the child or parents. When I have taking programmes with parents I also start with group rules. Confidentiality always comes up, I always tell parents that whatever is discussed at the group I do not take it outside of the group, I can only speak for myself but that I would hope that everyone would stand by this too. I also always make it very clear to parents that if anything is discussed or disclosed any information regarding harm or danger or abuse to a child/ren then I will past this information on to my manger and the appropriate authorises. I feel that if I am honest with all the people that I work with then I do believe that you build up a trust and that by law I have to report and record all that is disclosed to me, although I did have a parent in the past that did not understand this, they felt that I was just reporting them to social services and she believed that social services where there to take her child away. This lady did not return to Surestart as what she disclosed I had to discuss with my manger. Analyse the essential features of information sharing agreements within and between organisations Under the data protection act 1998, the purpose of the act is to protect the rights and privacy of individuals and to ensure that data about them are not processed without their knowledge and are processed with their consent whenever possible, this act covers personal data held in electronic formats, manual data and relevant filing systems. Surestart has devised a form that has recently been updated by my colleagues and myself, this form is where we get service users to sign that they agree Surestart is able to keep their details in a secure place for up to seven years, and that if we had any concerns regarding the child that we would contact the appropriate service also that if there is a social worker involved that we are able to update them on any programmes they attend for case review meetings. Health visitors would send in referral form with parent’s consent, what happens is we then phone that family and do a home visit and in that visit we fill out the Surestart forms with the families details on it, the consent for is then signed and sent back to the health visitor to say we have completed a visit this is what programmes they would like to attend, I would also send back a form to the heath visitor if that family did not wish to avail of Surestart services or that I could not reach them. These forms are kept with the registration and filed in a locked cabinet. When I am facilitating a programme within Surestart I always do group rules, parents can put what they like on it, confidentially always comes up, I just remind parents that what happens in the group will stay in the group with me, but I can only speak for myself and not the rest of the group and I do tell them that It would not be nice to hear anyone talking bad about another parent. I do inform the parents that if there anything disclosed within the group that has caused abuse of harm to a child them I am bound by action for children policies and procedures and under the children order act 1995 to past this information on to my manger and the appropriate services, I do tell the parents that I would discuss this with them before I reported what I have heard. Demonstrate use of information management systems that meet legal and ethical requirement Under the data protection act 1998 Surestart need permission to hold data on the families that I work with, how this is done  is that all parents have to sign the registration form and also the consent for their details to be stored according to action for children policies and procedures, which is that their details are stored for up to seven years, in a locked filing cabinet and up to four years on the Surestart database. Under the children’s order 1995 I am bound to report anything that I have heard or seen that my or has caused harm to a child. This would also be discussed with the parent/s what information I would be passing on to my manger. This also gives the parent an opportunity to explain. The information my lead to a referral been made to social services.

The Publishing Career of Isabella Whitney Essay -- Author Writer Isabe

The Publishing Career of Isabella Whitney The English Renaissance was a time of great literature. The world was changing and people were exploring their boundaries. In a time of such opportunity, women were often excluded. For instance, it was very difficult for women to receive education. Even if they did, it was extremely difficult for them to be accepted as writers and nearly impossible to have their work published. Only a small number of women writers succeeded in having their works published because of the many social barriers. One of the few women to overcome these obstacles was Isabella Whitney. She grew up in a middle-class family in Cheshire, England. Little is known about her family except that she was the sister of the Protestant poet Geoffrey Whitney, who wrote Choice of Emblems (Todd). She worked for aristocratic households where she encountered many opportunities to learn, but she was never formally educated (Krontiris). In addition to this self-education, she spent a lot of time reading, which enriched her knowledge. During the Renaissance, it was looked down on when women read anything other than the Bible. People thought that women must have Divine intervention to guide their interpretations of literature; if they did not they were looked at suspiciously (Krontiris). This shows that during the English Renaissance women were viewed as being basically incompetent. They were not thought of as even being capable enough to read something and interpret it for themselves. Knowing this, Whitney had a lot of obstacles to overcome in order to be a successful poet. She tried to avoid criticism in many different ways. For instance, Isabella Whitney was the first professional woman poet in British literatu... ... make a way for themselves. It is strange to think about what the world would be like today if not for women like Isabella Whitney. If not for her, women might still be prohibited from publishing their written works. She and the women who followed in her footsteps created the opening of minds that allowed the possibility of women’s equality to men. I am sure Whitney had no idea the impact she would make not only on literature, but on women, and the world. Works Cited Clark, Danielle. The Politics of Early Modern Women’s Writing. England. Pearson Education Limited, 2001. Krontiris, Tina. Oppositional Voices: Women As Writers and Translators of Literature in the English Renaissance. London. New York: Routledge Publishing, 1992. Todd, Janet. British Women Writers A Critical Reference Guide. Continuum New York: Continuum Publishing Company, 1989. The Publishing Career of Isabella Whitney Essay -- Author Writer Isabe The Publishing Career of Isabella Whitney The English Renaissance was a time of great literature. The world was changing and people were exploring their boundaries. In a time of such opportunity, women were often excluded. For instance, it was very difficult for women to receive education. Even if they did, it was extremely difficult for them to be accepted as writers and nearly impossible to have their work published. Only a small number of women writers succeeded in having their works published because of the many social barriers. One of the few women to overcome these obstacles was Isabella Whitney. She grew up in a middle-class family in Cheshire, England. Little is known about her family except that she was the sister of the Protestant poet Geoffrey Whitney, who wrote Choice of Emblems (Todd). She worked for aristocratic households where she encountered many opportunities to learn, but she was never formally educated (Krontiris). In addition to this self-education, she spent a lot of time reading, which enriched her knowledge. During the Renaissance, it was looked down on when women read anything other than the Bible. People thought that women must have Divine intervention to guide their interpretations of literature; if they did not they were looked at suspiciously (Krontiris). This shows that during the English Renaissance women were viewed as being basically incompetent. They were not thought of as even being capable enough to read something and interpret it for themselves. Knowing this, Whitney had a lot of obstacles to overcome in order to be a successful poet. She tried to avoid criticism in many different ways. For instance, Isabella Whitney was the first professional woman poet in British literatu... ... make a way for themselves. It is strange to think about what the world would be like today if not for women like Isabella Whitney. If not for her, women might still be prohibited from publishing their written works. She and the women who followed in her footsteps created the opening of minds that allowed the possibility of women’s equality to men. I am sure Whitney had no idea the impact she would make not only on literature, but on women, and the world. Works Cited Clark, Danielle. The Politics of Early Modern Women’s Writing. England. Pearson Education Limited, 2001. Krontiris, Tina. Oppositional Voices: Women As Writers and Translators of Literature in the English Renaissance. London. New York: Routledge Publishing, 1992. Todd, Janet. British Women Writers A Critical Reference Guide. Continuum New York: Continuum Publishing Company, 1989.

The Woodspurge Poem Analysis

The wind flapped loose, the wind was still, Shaken out dead from tree and hill; I had walked on at the wind’s will – I sat now, for the wind was still.Between my knees my forehead was – My lips, drawn in, said not Alas! My hair was over in the grass, My naked ears heard the day pass.My eyes, wide open, had the run Of some ten weeds to fix upon; Among those few out of the sun, The woodspurge flowered, three cups in one.From perfect grief there need not be Wisdom or even memory; One thing then learnt remains to me – The woodspurge has a cup of three.Illustration This poem took place in hill where the trees are shaken out by the wind and a field of grass where the man in this poet saw woodspurge as one of the ten weeds and grieving for his problem all day along as the wind blown. The poet described a visual imagery by points out what that man can see while grieving in field, such as in ninth and tenth line : â€Å"My eyes, wide open, had the run†Ã¢â‚¬Å "Of some ten weeds to fix upon;† The tactile imagery also can be found in seventh line â€Å"My hair was over in the grass† the touch’s feel can be sensed when his hair is over the grass as he put his head to rest on it. Kinesthetic imagery, this motion happened when the man bent his head on to between his knees until his forehead touch  those knees in fifth line, shows a grieving gesture.The word â€Å"wind† in first stanza is a metaphore from a word â€Å"spirit† or more likely a â€Å"determination†, the wind itself got a personification in third line, where the poet wrote â€Å"I had walked on at the wind’s will –.† By stating that a wind could have a will like a people. Ironically, this man seems lack of determination, he only move to somewhere as the wind guide him and stopped when the wind is gone.General MeaningIt is about a man that covered with sadness and he seems lack of resolve, his body only move as the wi nd blows to somewhere else, until he found a bloomed woodspurge that makes him at ease.Detailed MeaningBefore we going more deeper in detailed meaning, it might be wise to review the trivia fact about Dante’s poem especially The Woodspurge. This poem were made approximately between 1828 – 1882, the period where Victorian’s were arisen. Meanwhile, in the year 1848, there was a movement by a group named â€Å"Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood† and Dante was also one of the founder of this group.The group’s intention is none other than to reject social-political theme in literary works and this group also established Aestheticism movement, in the meaning of aestheticism â€Å"as early as 1750, when the German philosopher, Alexander Gottlieb Baumgarten, in his Aesthetica, used it to identify a separate branch of philosophy. He transformed the original Greek usage of the word, applied to things perceived by the senses, into criticism of taste concerned exclus ively with beauty.† (Denney 38). So, their’s intention was to make a literary works become more â€Å"aesthetic† by reject the social-political theme.Due to its a poem full with aesthetic aspects, let’s evaluate it from top to bottom. â€Å"The wind flapped loose, the wind was still,† with such words for an opening in first line, we can considered it is truly a sentence with aestheticism’s beauty. Why so? It said that the wind flapped loose, those words â€Å"flapped† and â€Å"loose† are contradicts for each other. Flapped means flutter, throb or thrashing which means it is conducted with so much power, on the other hand, the word loose means not tight, unconstrained and relaxed.A powerful wind with relaxed feeling, it made the readers will  feel the peculiar sensation by read it in matched tone, then it said that the wind was still. Wind, however, is a moving air and Dante wrote the wind with capabality to stand still, it ju st bring the imagination to the whole new level and violates the wind’s law for suited to stagnate. It is still acceptable in literary works and we can admire more the nature by imagining something that nature are not competent to, though.â€Å"Shaken out dead from tree and hill;† for the second line, it might have a denotation like this; the winds shaken out dead from tree and hill. This may have a meaning that the winds able to cleanse the ‘dead’ from tree and hill because shaken out have a meaning uncluttered, to cleanse and the word ‘dead’ might a metaphor from sadness, anguish or misery. And the wind can simply took the sorrow out of the tree, still, the wind only remove it and the melancholic trait that has been cleansed, may outgrowth again sometimes because its humane for it to happens. There is also potency that tree might a metaphor for a man but, in the next line, the poet already talked about it so this hypothesis could not fully-a ccurately correct.â€Å"I had walked on at the wind’s will –â€Å" the third line is about a man that always seems walk as the wind’s guidance. There is also an old proverb that said â€Å"only dead fish follow the stream† which is matched with the inner meaning in the third line. By not having a spirit of independency, this man chose to follow the path that the wind makes for him. But, what makes this man would did such a not-manly act? It should have a relation with a word in previous line, â€Å"dead†. The poet used the word â€Å"dead† to emphasize the next line’s meaning or this line’s, it is an anguish that made the man paralyzed, not able doing something by himself. â€Å"I sat now, for the wind was still.†At least, in the fourth line, this man stopped because the same thing also happened to the wind, it become stagnate just like in the first line’s point. The man do nothing but sit, seems waiting for ano ther wind to guide him again. If we stop too in this line, we can see the voidness in the man’s mind, he would be daydreaming or blank-staring his surrounding. This emptiness of his mind has lead to something that might be crucial and it is a lack of faith. If a faithful person even without resolve in his heart, experiencing the same condition, he might pray to his God instead of  daydreaming and asking for His guidance to overcome this stranded plight. Overall, the first stanza was merely an intro for the next stanzas, obviously.By completely talking about the setting of place in first stanza that were a hill with trees and gust of relaxing wind, it is included as somewhat parts of aestheticism. The first reason, of course, it was not social-political themed stanza, the next reason is everything can be shifted with aesthetic element and â€Å"in aesthetic forms, cruelty becomes imagination: Something is excised from the living, from the body language, from tones, from vis ual experience.† (Adorno 68).Everything in each stanza in this poem have relation with Adorno’s opinion about aesthetic forms, for instance, in the first stanza it is about a man that grieving and let the winds dictates him, however it is just an imagination that comes from cruelty. It will be far more cruel if there were man that actually looks like in this poem. And the another aspect in Adorno’s opinion will be discussed later on. â€Å"Between my knees my forehead was –My lips, drawn in, said not Alas! My hair was over in the grass,  My naked ears heard the day pass.† (5th – 8th line)The second stanza have a repetition of words â€Å"my†, the possesion form of ‘me’ and ‘I’. Besides of granting this poem with aestheticism by doing those repetition, there is also another meaning behind it. The poet intends to fill the second stanza with â€Å"ego† because â€Å"my† in this case representing a n ego, a personality. Though, the second stanza mostly illustrate the man’s body language, how he faced the void that he experienced. It cover up the fourth line’s hypothesis, that the man is not doing nothing at all, he make a motion to uncover his agony by doing this and that. â€Å"Between my knees my forehead was –â€Å" this line depicts his current position, he bent his body forward and place his head on his knees till his forehead touched it.That gesture shows him in an awful state of mind and insecure feelings, he might be grieving for his mistakes in the past or others problem that he has in his life. Moreover, this gesture was commonly known to express the deep suffering of mind and usually followed by tears that overflowing from the eyes, however, he did not cry at all. In matter of fact, he is a man and it is weird for even a man to cry for whatever the burden that he bear because  in those time, the patriarchal era, it is a time where the man al ways described as tough being and crying is for a women. So, even he has a big problem, he would not cry no matter what the problem is.â€Å"My lips, drawn in, said not Alas!† in sixth line, it can be judged how big his misery is. Even a word can not describe it, his lips drawn in means he does not even have a force to speak any words, yet, he want to yell â€Å"Alas!† for blowing off the steam but that word were not even match with his pain. Looks like his anger would multiplied for not being able to cried it outloud, still we can see him as a man with full of patience for being able to surpress his anger over his misery. â€Å"My hair was over in the grass,† in the seventh line is representation of anti-climax if we assume that the sixth line was a climax. In this line, it can be implied that he finally lie his body over the grass till the poet depicts it with his hair was over on the grass. It can be also stated that this man was already in stage of acceptanc e for lying his body over the grass, it seems he already accept the truth or the cruelty in his life.â€Å"My naked ears heard the day pass† by lying around after sitting with full of misery in the previous line, the eighth line define that the day has passed casually. In this line too, the poet combined two things that will not relate to each other yet he succeed to make it become one, Dante clarified that ears can heard the sound of the day pass by. It is weird to even imagining how the day pass’s sound, though. Nevertheless, Dante prevailed to make impression to the reader that it might have a peaceful or calm sound because it is the first time in this poem he describe the audible situation. Dante did not put any weird sound before, and yet the man in this poem heard something, so, it should be the sound of the tranquility. â€Å"My eyes, wide open, had the run  Of some ten weeds to fix upon;† (9th – 10th line)Unlike the previous lines that analyzed one by one, the ninth and tenth line have to be evaluated as one wholeness because it seems to connected yet separated as different line, this poem were written in iambic tetrameter anyway, and it would ruin the artistic part of the poem if those line were in one line. Thus, the man eyes widely open and he saw ten weeds near him, there is no special metaphor linked with these lines. Even so, this is also the first time in this poem for the man to pay attention to his surrounding  with his own very eyes.The previous panorama or landscape that described by the poet in preceding line were merely the poet’s imagery, not the man’s visual imagery. It is as well as the Adorno’s opinion previously, aetheticism can be reached by showing a visual experience, now the man had his eyes widely open and saw ten various weeds, which is nice. It also means that the field were full with green-coloured scenery due to all those weeds, green is categorized as bright colour which i s can also means a happiness, merry, just like spring’s scape. Although, he finally notice his surrounding, in no matter of time, he quickly noticed that there were ten kind of weed based in his vision. Is he a botanist? Or nature lovers? For immediately knowing there were ten different plant may be his brief assumption, but that is not the point in here, right? The truly case were located in next line and these lines were just an intro to lead this points in there. â€Å"Among those few out of the sun,  The woodspurge flowered, three cups in one.† (11st – 12nd line)The eleventh line implied the situation is happened in daytime for sun lightened those plants on the field. If we paid more attention, the third stanza were less with grieving content, everything gradually become more serene. No more sadness, no more wistful part in this stanza because the man just back to his senses, previously, he just a hollow-vessel with nothing to struggle for. Finally, he not iced his surrounding and even the smallest detail like the ten weeds, although he only noticed the woodspurge for the most, a plant with â€Å"All parts are highly toxic by ingestion; sap may irritate skin and eyes.† (â€Å"Plant Selector†).Euphorbia amygdaloides var. Robbiae is the another name for woodspurge, and it is unique for having three cups in one. Usually, â€Å"The mature flowers take a Single form, with an approximate petal count of 2† (â€Å"Plant Database†). So, it is rare occasion for found a three-petal woodspurge, In addition, a clover plants mostly have three petals and myths said that clover with four-leaves will bring a luckiness to the person who found it. Thus, what is the meaning behind from found a three-petals woodspurge? Will they bring fortune to whoever found it? Well, I rest my case for this aside and some professional said â€Å"the flower reminds us of the central mystery of Christianity: the Holy Trinity of the Father, Son , and Holy Ghost; the Trinity that breaks the rule of  fate.† (Nield). And how it can related to aestheticism?As a commoner, I put simply the metaphor of woodspurge is a faith in God. It all makes sense, at the first, he wander aimlessly seeking for nothing as the wind guides him until he stopped in peculiar area where he found a three-petals woodspurge that makes him in ease. Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, however, have a goal to make literary works become more aesthetic, more religious and have more connection with nature to confront Victorian’s literary works that full with socio-political, overly-scientific literary works which made the people’s faith fade away deliberately. â€Å"From perfect grief there need not beWisdom or even memory;† (13rd – 14th line) Again, these lines have to consider as one unity, and it have a deepful meaning in this part. The poet chose the word â€Å"perfect† to make the readers feel the absolute depression th at the man had, it is not for asking a pitiness to the man, it is about sending a ‘message’. After that man saw a woodspurge, his mind became soften then he learnt something â€Å"you will got nothing from grief, not even wisdom or even memory.†Which means there is no value for being blue over something, and its said that not even a sad memory will retain in mind, something that started with tragedy or bad things will certainly ended with tragedy too. It is true, though, and every one would not keep something bitter in their head for a long time. Somebody might choose to erase or pretend for bad incident that have occured instead of mourning it endlessly because in the end those memories will washed away for sure. â€Å"One thing then learnt remains to me –The woodspurge has a cup of three.† (15th – 16th line) In this last two lines, the poet expressed the important thing as a friendly reminder for him. In the end, he finally have one thing t o learn that woodspurge has a cup of tree which also have another meaning, if he become stuck in grief again, he should remember that there are God and his kindness that always guide him in to right path and it symbolized with three-petals woodspurge. Therefore, the last stanza is endearment of his sorrow because he certainly re-ignited his faith with nature’s help indirectly.ConclusionDante Gabriel Rossetti, one of the founder of Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood, vowed to make a movement for opposing the Victorian’s mediocre literature work theme such a socio-political, science and industries that overwhelming in those times. Dante and his confidant, thus imbued Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood’s era with Aetheticism, that more linked with nature, faith and religion in sense of beauty nuance. This poem, nevertheless, were reflectioned to the people at those times, when the religion and faith were not as strong as before.Dante used wind as representation of nature and as a device to mediate people until their faith revived again, just like in this poem. Thanks to the wind, that grieving man led to a woodspurge that reminds him to his God. And it is all the Dante wanted, he wished that every people would not forget and surrender in their faith. If they did, just remember how beautiful the world it is and eventually they will keep in their mind that everything were a God’s creation.

Management Challenges

Shrinking budgetary allocation is common in many businesses, which can be caused by external factors such as lack of profit, or internal factors such as a deliberate decision to cut costs. Whichever the cause may be, people tasked with the management of a business should learn how to deal with such eventualities. A choice has to be made and a strategy undertaken in order to ensure that the business would not only survive, but even succeed in its venture. Shrinking budgets are nothing more than challenges on the management of scarce resources (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Contrary to instinct and common belief, shrinking budgets do not hinder the productivity of an organization. True, shrinking budgets do demand more efficient actions and grounded decisions, but they also push managers into performing better. Tjosvold and Poon note the opinion of researchers on organizational power and politics to the effect that â€Å"conflicts over scare resources intensify competition (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998).† They also claim that conflict over scarce resources lead to effective distribution of resources. The scarcity of resources brought about by the shrinking budget can be productive because of the demand to step up to a higher level. This breeds a sense of competition in the team, which pushes people to work harder to produce better output (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). On the other side of this perspective is one that denies the usefulness of competition (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). This side emphasizes cooperation among members of a management team in order to come up with a business plan that manages the effects of the lowered budget (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Thus, shrinking budget could lead to unity, cooperation, relationship development and organizational power theorizing (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Thus, taken in the proper perspective, shrinking budgets could actually raise productivity to a higher level (Tjosvold & Poon, 1998). Workplace Diversity Diversity is another aspect of business management that has caught the interest of many practitioners and researchers. Generally, the widely held opinion is one in favor of various kinds of diversity in the workplace, such as gender and cultural diversity (Miller,1999). For example, promoting gender diversity in a business organization is now being considered as an effective way of building good human resources. Women are often seen as a minority in various business firms, since they occupy a small percentage in a corporation’s workforce (Miller,1999). However, present changes are reversing this trend through the increased hiring of women in business organizations (Miller,1999). The policy towards increasing the number of women recruits in business and professional organizations is a positive and bold move that is directed towards removing undue discrimination in the professional setting. Provided that the woman applicant possesses the qualifications required by the available position, there is no reason to choose a male employee possessing the same qualifications over a female employee, if such decision is based solely on the applicants’ genders. Thus, simultaneous with the recognition of the inequalities in society regarding hiring of men and women, promoting gender diversity in the workplace shows a deliberate policy of equalizing the market for men and women alike. Another aspect of diversity is cultural diversity. This concept works optimally for a multinational business, which has business connections in various localities (Miller, 1999). Hiring people from all sorts of cultural backgrounds would allow the business organization to reach out to the locals of the place, thereby increasing the company’s goodwill, and eventually, profit (Miller, 1999). Thus, a company that has sales agents of the same cultural background as the consumers has more chances of capturing that market (Miller, 1999). Cultural diversity also leads to a better understanding by the company of possible issues that lead to misunderstanding and disagreements among people working in the same workplace (Miller, 1999). Thus, it is apparent that cultural diversity can play a major role in promoting the well being of a business organization. It should be noted, however, that the organization must ensure equal treatment to people even though they are coming from different cultural backgrounds (Miller, 1999). This way, cultural diversity would only benefit the business organization, and not hinder its development (Miller, 1999). Ethics and the Organization Ethical principles and policies play a big role in the operations and success of a business organization (Hamner, 2006). While ethics is commonly treated as a legal concept, it deals more with proper behavior of people in any situation (Hamner, 2006). The concern about ethical or unethical behavior of members of a business organization springs from the realization that such behavior has great effects on the success or failure of such organization (Hamner, 2006). In particular, unethical behavior within an organization has adverse effects, which could consist in loss of huge sums of money (Hamner, 2006). The best effect of having a clearly formulated ethical policy and ethical code within an organization is the influence of such policy and code on the conduct and attitude of members of the organization (Hamner, 2006). A strong support by the management in favor of ethical behavior will breed a culture of ethics that would make people value ethics, to the extent that unethical behavior would seen out of place in the organization (Hamner, 2006). To be effective promoters of ethical behavior in a business organization, the management must devise incentive schemes for members of the organization who follow ethical rules (Hamner, 2006). Moreover, the ethical rules and policies should be able to cover all facets of ethical behavior, which includes moral, economic, and legal aspects (Hamner, 2006). In sum, managing business necessarily means that one will have to deal with different challenges, such as shrinking budgets, workplace diversity, and ethical issues. However, all such challenges can be dealt with and used as means to succeed. Proper management would actually make organizations stronger and better once such kinds of challenges are met squarely. References Hamner, M. (2006). Management. Aerospace America. Retrieved October 17, 2007 Miller, S. (1999). Poltical Correctness in the Office. Office Systems 16(4). Tjosvold, D. & Poon, M.   (1998). Dealing with Scarce Resources: Open-Minded   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Interaction for Resolving Budget Conflicts. Group Organization Management 23(3): 237-255   

To Arms or Not to Arms Against Corcyra essays

To Arms or Not to Arms Against Corcyra essays Attention! Attention! Is it time for taking up arms or not? The Corcyraeans and Corinthians are debating here in Athens to persuade us on our participation in the upcoming war. Do we join Corcyra; the city that started the colony of Epidamnus, or do we join the original colonizing city of Corinth? To fully understand the potential of war, Athens must understand both sides and therefore we, Athens, will be able to decide on the stance we must take. Do we go to war with the Corcyraeans (those that have remained neutral in the past) or do we remain neutral as asked by the Corinthians (those that have served with us in the past)? Should Athens help defend the Corcyraeans even when they admit that they have failed to be part of any alliances in the past? As a colony that has been set apart by their own actions comes running when they cant even work out their own problems wants, nay, needs Athens help. The Corcyraeans stated to the Athenian assembly that they themselves chose not to have alliances by stating when a people that have not rendered any important service or support to their neighbors in times past (1.32.1). These representatives from Corcyra believe that their past isolation has helped their growth. Now once their growth has expanded beyond their ability to be able to control the interests of the government they come crying to us to help with the situation. These representatives even state that they can not fix the problem by stating: seeing our utter inability to cope wit them without foreign aid, and the magnitude of the danger which subjection to them implies, find it necessary to ask h elp from you and from every other power (1.32.5). Because of Corycras isolation from past political alliances, they have been put into a situation where they can not defend themselves and they must come crawling to Athens for assistance; and quite possibly survival from Corinth. Th...

The Potential of London for the EURO 2012 Tournament

The Potential of London for the EURO 2012 Tournament Introduction This report covers a mega international sporting event, which is the EURO 2012 tournament. The purpose of this report is to convince the European football Association; UEFA that London is the best host destination for the EURO 2012 tournament. The report will examine the potential that London has in hosting the event.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Potential of London for the EURO 2012 Tournament specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It examines why London is the most suitable city to host the 2012 tournament. The report focuses on the major aspects that are included in the Association’s requirements which include the infrastructure, transport, local broadcasting, marketing and hospitality. London seems to be in a position to handle this event than other countries. Ever since its inception, the EURO tournament has been an event that attracts funs across the globe traveling to the host nation and cities so as to witness the thrilling event in person. The intension of the event is to bring together European soccer teams for competition so as to determine the best teams in the region (Allen 2005:45). England has been a country that identifies with football and it has produces numerous stars in the sport. The country has hosted other major international events like the Olympics before. It therefore has the experience in handling such a huge event. The 2012 tournament is bound to attract more funs than before owing to the fact that the popularity of the sport has been growing steadily in the recent past. The report looks at the aspects of the hospitality industry in London that make it qualify as the best host city for the event. The city has well equipped ultra modern hotels that can cater for people from all walks of life and social backgrounds. The report has also covered the security measures that have been put in place so as to make such an event to be successful. The chall enges that the country faces in its bid to host the tournament have also been high lighted. The report uses the PESTEL model to analyze the intern and external factors that are likely to affect decision making during the preparation of this Mega event. The city faces a lot of competition from cities in other countries like New Kiev and Kharkiv in Ukraine and Warsaw in Poland in the bidding process. The report however highlights the major strengths of London that makes it the most suitable host city for the tournament (Bowdin 2006:32). Methodology Various methods have been used so as to get the relevant information concerning the state of London and its level of preparedness in hosting the event. The method used in collecting the information includes the use of secondary data. Various books, journals articles and online sources on the state of London City and its capability to host the event were consulted. PESTEL analysis has been used in the analysis of the findings (Campbell 2004: 47).Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Secondary Data Secondary data was reviewed in the collection of the relevant data. Books, journals, newsletters, reports and internet documents were reviewed so as to find the capability and the level of preparedness that the city has reached in its quest to host the event. From these sources it was quite evident that the country had the capability to host the event considering the fact that it has hosted other mega world events before like the world Olympics. Online Sources Online research was carried out. This was made possible by browsing a number of websites that are associated with the event and the state of London in comparison to other cities. The UEFA official website was particularly very significant in this research as it provided most of the information on the UEFA requirements for the host cities. A number of online book s, periodicals and magazines from management officials of the various facilities were consulted to determine their level of readiness in hosting the event. Official websites for various hotels were also visited to determine their level of preparedness in handling the influx in the number of clients that would be experienced during the event. Some of the questions to be answered during the research required the ‘yes’ and ‘no’ answers while others required a little explanation. Some of the questions included; Is London prepared to host the 2012 EURO cup event? What are some of the measures that they have put in place to tackle an influx in the number of funs that would come to watch the sport? Is there any work in progress in an attempt to refurbish the stadiums that would be used during the event? The website for the Hilton hotels in London was also visited so as to determine the level of preparedness in the hospitality industry particularly the hotels. So me of the questions to be answered included; What preparations have hotels made in anticipation for the event? Is proximity to the stadiums hosting the event of any effect to the number of clients that would visit them? Do they have ultra modern facilities that would ensure customer satisfaction? Books In an effort to determine the level of preparedness of the city to host the event, books concerning the event were also consulted. Various questions about the cities security and infrastructure were to be answered during the study. Some of the questions asked include the following; What security measures have been put in place to ensure security during the event? Would the help from other quarters be needed so as to beef up the security? Is the infrastructure around the country especially in London well developed to handle an influx in the number of road users? Journals and Reports The other sources of information included reports and journal articles. Various journals and reports were consulted in the effort to get the information on the preparation of the city concerning the matters of the EURO 2012 tournament. Information from the marketing was sought concerning the strategies that had been put in place so as to ensure that the event is well advertised. Some of the questions to be answered included; What strategies have been put in place so as to ensure that the event is well advertised? What are some of the internal and external challenges that the event is likely to encounter? What other countries and cities are likely to give competition to London when it comes to the issue of hosting this great event? Information from these methods was used in the evaluation of the strategic management theory. The findings have been used to evaluate the countries readiness to host the event (Coulter 2008:78).Advertising We will write a custom report sample on The Potential of London for the EURO 2012 Tournament specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Findings According to the findings, it is quite clear that the country had put measures in place that would enable London as a city to host the event without any difficulty. Before making any approval of a country’s bid to host such a mega event, UEFA has set some benchmarks to be used. For instance, a country is supposed to have at least 12 well developed high capacity stadiums, high-tech transport infrastructure, a well developed security system, ultra-modern accommodation facilities, effective drainage systems and the ability to effectively promote and market the event. Another requirement is for the country to have a well established national football team (David 2003:67). Stadium and Transport Infrastructure Information from online sources proved that the country has been doing its best in making sure that it is ready to host such a mega event. All the football stadiums are being refurbished and the repairs made. Expansions are being made so a s to enable some stadiums to accommodate more people than usual. Roads that lead to the various stadiums are being repaired so as to enable easy movement to and from the venues. It is quite evident that preparations of these stadiums are being speeded up so as to ensure that they are ready by the time the tournament begins. The government has allocated money from its budget towards the preparation of this mega event. Most qualified construction experts have been hired so as to make the expansions and preparations a success. The country is doing all it can to reach its full potential in terms of preparedness and success. London has been found to be one of the best host cities for this event as it can host the event successfully. Construction, repair and preparation are being carried out effectively across all the host cities (Evans 2002:33). Hosting the tournament will not just be beneficial to the football fraternity in the country but will be beneficial to the whole country at larg e. The country is meant to benefit from the infrastructure especially in the host cities like London. The country has been developing the transport infrastructure so as to accommodate an influx in the number of road users during the event. Currently, city planners have been hired so as to redesign and recommend the best transport models in London so as to ensure that the city hosts the event without experiencing transport problems (Fitzroy 2005:22).Advertising Looking for report on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A lot of infrastructure projects have been put on the drawing board. Some have already been implemented and completed; others are still under implementation while others are awaiting implementation. 50 transport projects have been suggested, some of which have already been completed. 5 airports are supposed to undergo renovation and three of them have already started the work. In London, most of the preparation work has already been finished and some projects are still underway. It is one of the cities that have witnessed most of the implementation work. Plans are underway to construct another passenger terminus in the city’s international airport so as to accommodate the many passengers that will be flying in (Goldblatt 2002:38). In an effort to improve the transport sector, plans are underway to build a high-speed railway system across the city. This would ensure faster movement of people from one point of the city to the other. The road system connecting different parts of the city is being renovated so as to enable easier transportation from one point to the other. The construction and renovation is being done with the first priority being given to the most important projects. The government has channeled more than $11 billion in all these projects. In the long run, the benefits of hosting the event would be much more. The country is for instance expected to add more than $100 billion to its gross domestic income as a result of the event. More than 70000 jobs will be created. The tourism sector is expects to increase its total earnings due to the increase in the number of people visiting the country and from local tourist. Strategic management techniques are therefore being used to ensure that the event is a success (Grant 2002:25). The Hospitality Industry The hospitality industry has put the necessary measures in place so as to effectively handle the influx in the number of clients from all walks of life. According to the information from the Hilt on hotels website, it is quite evident that the hospitality industry is doing its best in making the event a success. Most hotels have acquired ultra-modern facilities so as to carter for the needs of the various customers. Most of them have embraced modern technology so as to ensure effective service delivery. Some of the hotels like the Hilton have developed their websites so as to allow for online booking and reservation. This has made it easier for the clients who do not have to travel to the place so as to make reservations. Most of them have installed touch screen tables to enhance service delivery. A customer does not have to speak to the waiter to make an order as he/she is able to click on the appropriate icon to make an order. This has made work easier and convenient. The hotels have high speed internet connections which are meant to serve internet users who are accommodated in these facilities. Satellite dishes have been installed so as to enable the customers to watch so me of the matches at the comforts of their rooms (Haberberg 2001:34). Some of the investors have taken it upon themselves to construct ultra-modern hotel facilities in the city so as to accommodate the many clients that would visit the country during the tournament. Some of the hotels have subsidized group bookings. Those customers who make bulk reservation are likely to get them at a lower price than those who were making the bookings individually. Some of the hotels are offering more than one service of simply offering the accommodation. Some of the extra services included; deep-sea tours, fishing for fun, surfing, and travelling services to various tourism sites. The transport system to these hotels has been upgraded so as to enable easy transportation (Johnson 2008:56). Security According to the findings, it is quite evident that the government is doing its best in enhancing security during the tournament. The government has put in place an effective security plan for the event. The countries Justice Minister has given assurance that his ministry is doing all it can to ensure that the event becomes a success. The police department intents to use the facial recognition software in effort to note and root out trouble makers before they can cause any security problem. The software is linked to the Robocop-style glasses that are able to identify individuals that are likely to be a danger to the security of the funs. The glasses are fitted with small cameras that are able to record people’s faces which are then sent to a central database for analysis (Mintzberg 1998:77). There is a public safety plan underway which would boost security of the funs. The number of security personnel to be deployed to the host cities will be increased for security purposes. CCTV cameras have already been fitted in the stadiums and other public places so as to help in detecting any security concerns especially during the event. The government has emphasized that the security personnel within the country is well equipped to handle any security threats although the minister said that his ministry was willing to collaborate with any other security force that would offer new ideas on enhancing the security of the people (Tarlow 2002:57). The government has promised to acquire more sophisticated devices that would be issued to the traffic police so as to enable them detect any explosive devises at a distance. The funs would be thoroughly inspected before getting into the respective stadiums so as to eliminate any security threats. All these measures would go a long way in making the event secure for the funs as well as the players. Promotion and Advertisement of the Event The country has put in place measures to enhance the advertisement and promotion of this great event. The country has linked up with associate companies like the Coca-Cola Company, Adidas, Sony, Ford, and Master Card among others. These are partners that have been very instrumental in spon soring the event in the past years. Measures have been put in place so as to carry out international marketing and promotions for the event. The ‘EURO 2012 London’ project has been started with the intention of showcasing London as the best host for the 2012 Euro cup tournament. The project is aimed at portraying the scenic beauty of the city and tourist destinations of the country and particularly in London. The security aspects and comforts of the various hotels and motels within the country have been highlighted. The art and culture of the English has been portrayed as superior and attractive. The country is has officially launched the ‘EURO 2012 London’ project so as to promote the event (Shone 2004:39). Efforts are being made both within and outside the country so as to enhance the promotional activities. The government has already negotiated with the local television and radio networks so as to give more time towards promoting the mega event. Online p romotions are also be used so as to market the event globally. The government is ready to establish a taskforce that would ensure that England teams up with other countries in promoting the event across the globe. London has ultra-modern facilities that would be vital for the funs who would visit during the event. The government has also shown commitment in renovating those facilities that are already won out and even acquire or construct new ones.(Menon 2010:47). Challenges Some of the greatest competitors in the EURO 2012 tournament bid are Ukraine and Poland. This are countries together with their capital cities have well developed football infrastructure like football stadiums, high class transport systems, well developed surveillance techniques and security systems. The countries have good hotel and accommodation facilities. The Poland for instance has numerous ultra modern accommodation facilities. The hotels are well furnished and have embraced the current technology in servi ce delivery. These countries have well established football clubs that have made them shine in the sport. They therefore pose a very big challenge to Londonin its bid to host the event. In the recent past, the world has been experiencing high inflation rates which have resulted in a slowdown in the economic growth in the nations across the globe. England has not been spared. The preparation and renovation activities are likely to over burden the tax payers. With the world economy still experiencing some fluctuations, it is likely that the quoted figures for the preparation might increase hence destabilizing the whole budget for the event. PESTEL Analysis There are various factors that would affect the decision making processes. The PESTEL analysis technique has been used in an effort to analyze some of these factors. The PESTEL model usually covers the political, economic, social, technological, legal and environmental factors that are likely to influence the decision making process es while planning for an event some of these factors might result in various changes being made in the planning process (Wheelen 2004:85). Political Factors The government has put much effort in making sure that the country and London city in particular wins the bid for the EURO 2012 Cup tournament. The treasury has for instance set aside around $11 billion so as to cater for the preparation and renovation cost. The justice minister had made it clear that the government is also willing to step up the security measures so as to ensure that the event is carried out in a safe and secure environment. More security personnel will be deployed to the host city and more security equipment are being acquired for the purpose of the event. The renovation activities within the stadiums in London have already started and they will to be ready by the time of the event. The government has also made it clear that it would pay for extra promotion and advertisement activities in the local media. Econ omic Factors The world economy has been witnessing instability in the recent past. The inflation rates have been constantly rising across many nations. This has posed a challenge to the country in its quest to host the event. The quoted figure of $11 billion is likely to go up owing to such inflation. The construction material has become expensive and the workers are likely to demand for an increase in their pay. Even with such inflation, the country has been experiencing some small margin growth and it is bound to succeed in making the event a great success (Wiiliamson 2004). Social Factors The popularity of football has been growing at a very high rate across the globe especially among the young and middle aged population. Given that the world has very many young and middle age people, the event is likely to become a great success as more people would be willing to go and watch the game in person ( Menon 2010: 47). Technological Factors London as a city has generally embraced tech nological advancements in almost every sectors. This has been advantageous as technology has made it to be among the best hosts of such an event. In the hospitality industry for instance, hotel bookings have been made easier and less expensive as they can be done online. Most of them have ultra-modern facilities like touch screen tables, high speed internet connections and satellite dishes. All these have made service delivery effective, convenient and even entertaining. The security department has also employed the use of current technology in beefing up security in the country for the event. CCTV cameras, weapon detectors and the Robocop style glasses would all be used to screen people during security check ups. it is quite clear a high speed railway is to be constructed across London and this will make the movement of funs from one point of the city to he other easier and faster. Environmental Factors London is in the country that experience the four different seasons that is; sp ring, autumn, winter and summer. It is therefore upon the management to make sure that the event lies on a season that won’t be difficult for the players and funs to cope with. It might for instance be unwise if the event shall be scheduled for winter when it is too cold and the snow is falling. This would inconvenience the funs and players and it might not witness a higher turn out as expected. Legal Factors On the legal front, laws have been enacted to enhance environmental conservation and minimize pollution activities. Transport firms are for instance being encouraged to use electric vehicles and avoid vehicles that use fuel in an effort to conserve the environment and minimize global warming. This implies that more electric buses and cars have to be purchased for the purpose of transporting people within and across the towns and cities of England during the event. (Yeoman 2003:32). Conclusion The EURO 2012 tournament is a mega event that has to be hosted in a country th at has such capability. There have been many countries that have come forth to present their bid for hosting the EURO 2012 Cup tournament. It is however quite evident that London is well placed to host this event considering the fact that it has hosted major world events like the Olympic Games. The city has supportive infrastructure that would ensure that the event becomes a great success. The city has a well developed transport systems, modern telecommunication facilities as well as security infrastructure. The stadiums can hold high capacities and some of them are already undergoing renovation. The Hospitality industry has ultra modern facilities that put it at a better position to cater for the numerous clients from different parts of the globe. The government had set aside around $11 billion to facilitate in the renovation and preparation activities across the country especially in the host city. It is quite obvious that London is well placed to host the event (Gimpel 2008:33). Various challenges have however emerged and they might be hindering factors. For instance, the city faces much competition from other countries and cities like Kharkiv in Ukrraine and, Warsaw in Poland. These countries have the relevant infrastructure with strong national football teams. They have therefore posed a challenge to London’s bid. The other challenge has been the world economic crunch which has let to high inflation rates. This implies that most projects would turn out to be more expensive than the earlier predictions. All in all, the country is well placed to host the event as it has met all the UEFA requirements ( Wyludda 2009:22). List of References Allen, J. (2005) Festival and Special Event Management. Brisbane: Wiley Bowdin, G (2006) Events Management. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann Campbell, D. (2004) Business strategy: An Introduction. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinmann Coulter, M. (2008) Strategic Management in action. New Jersey: PearsonPrenticeHall. David, F.R. (2003) Strategic Management and Concepts. New Jersey: PearsonPrenticeHall Evans, N. et al (2002) Strategic Management for Travel and Tourism. New York: Butterworth-Heinemann Fitzroy, P. and Hulbert, J. (2005) Strategic Management. Creating Value in Turbulent Times. New York: Wiley. Goldblatt, J. (2002) Special Events – Global Event management in the 21st Century.  New York: Wiley Gimpel H. (2008) Negotiation, auctions, and market engineering: international seminar  New York: Springer Grant, R. (2002) Contemporary Strategic Analysis. New York: Blackwell. Haberberg, A. (2001) The Strategic Management of Organisations. Harlow: FTPrentice- Hall Johnson, G. (2008) Exploring Corporate Strategy. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Menon, B. (2010) Fifa World Cup Marine Sports. Publishing Division 3, (4) 34-45 Mintzberg, H. et al (1998) The Strategy Process. New Jersey: Prentice Hall Shone, A. (2004) Successful Event Management. London: Continuum Tarlow, P. (2002) Event Risk Management an d Safety. New York: Wiley Wyludda, A. (2009) The Impact of a Mega Sports Event for a Nation. Berlin: GRIN Verlag Wheelen, T. (2004) Strategic Management and Business Policy. Harvard: Addison Wesley. Wiiliamson, D. (2004) Strategic Management and Business  Analysis. Oxford:Butterworth-Heinemann Yeoman, I. (2003) Festival and Events Management: An international arts and culture  perspective. Amsterdam: Elsevier

What Happens To The Human Body In A Vacuum

What Happens To The Human Body In A Vacuum As humans get closer to the time when astronauts and explorers will be living and working in space  for long periods of time, a lot of questions arise about what it will be like for those who make their careers out there. There is a great deal of data based on long-duration flights by such astronauts as Mark Kelly and Peggy Whitman, but the life sciences experts at most space agencies need a lot more data to understand what will happen to future travelers.  They already know that the long-term inhabitants aboard the  International Space Station  have experienced some major and puzzling changes to their bodies, some of which last long after they are back on Earth. Mission planners  are using their experiences to help plan missions to the Moon, Mars, and beyond. Crew members on the International Space Station work with such technology as 3-D printers to understand how these and other technology can be used in space. This is a printer inside the Microgravity Science Glovebox aboard the station. NASA However, despite this priceless data from actual experiences, people also get a lot of non-valuable data from Hollywood movies about what its like to live in space. In those cases, drama usually trumps scientific accuracy. In particular, the movies are big on gore, especially when it comes to depicting the experience of being exposed to vacuum. Unfortunately, those movies and TV shows (and video games) give the wrong impression about what its like to be in space.   Vacuum in the Movies In the 1981 movie Outland, starring Sean Connery, there is a scene where a construction worker in space gets a hole in his suit. As the air leaks out, the internal pressure drops and his body is exposed to a vacuum, we watch in horror through his faceplate as he swells up and explodes. Could that really happen, or was that dramatic license? A somewhat similar scene occurs in the 1990 Arnold Schwarzenegger movie, Total Recall. In that movie, Schwarzenegger leaves the pressure of the habitat of a Mars colony and begins to blow up like a balloon in the much lower pressure of the Mars atmosphere, not quite a vacuum. He is saved by the creation of an entirely new atmosphere by an ancient alien machine. Again, could that happen, or was dramatic license at play? Those scenes bring up an entirely understandable question: What happens to the human body in a vacuum? The answer is simple: it wont blow up. The blood wont boil, either. However, it will be a quick way to die if an astronauts spacesuit is damaged.   What Really Happens in a Vacuum There are a number of things about being in space, in a vacuum, that can cause harm to the human body. The unfortunate space traveler wouldnt be able to hold their breath for long (if at all), because it would cause lung damage. The person would probably remain conscious for several seconds until the blood without oxygen reaches the brain. Then, all bets are off.   The vacuum of space is also pretty darn cold, but the human body doesnt lose heat that fast, so a hapless astronaut would have a little time before freezing to death. Its possible that they would have some problems with their eardrums, including a rupture, but maybe not.   Being marooned in space exposes the astronaut to high radiation and the chances for a really bad sunburn. Their body might actually swell some, but not to the proportions so dramatically shown in Arnold Schwarzeneggers movie, Total Recall. The bends are also possible, just like what happens to a diver who surfaces too quickly from a deep underwater dive. That condition is also known as decompression sickness and happens when dissolved gases in the bloodstream create bubbles as the person decompresses. The condition can be fatal and is taken seriously by divers, high-altitude pilots, and astronauts.   Astronauts train extensively underwater on Earth, wearing pressure suits, to simulate working in space. NASA/Johnson Space Center.   While normal blood pressure will keep a persons blood from boiling, the saliva in their mouth could very well begin to do so. Theres actually evidence for that happening from an astronaut who experienced it. In 1965, while performing tests at the  Johnson Space Center, a subject was accidentally exposed to a near vacuum (less than one psi) when his space suit leaked while in a vacuum chamber. He did not pass out for about fourteen seconds, by which time unoxygenated blood had reached his brain. Technicians began to repressurize the chamber within fifteen seconds and he regained consciousness at around the equivalent of 15,000 feet of altitude. He later said that his last conscious memory was of the water on his tongue beginning to boil. So, theres at least one data point about what its like to be in a vacuum. It wont be pleasant, but it wont be like the movies, either. There have actually been cases of parts of astronauts bodies being exposed to vacuum when suits were damaged. They survived due to quick action and safety protocols. The good news from all those experiences is that the human body is amazingly resilient. The worst problem would be lack of oxygen, not lack of pressure in the vacuum. If returned to a normal atmosphere fairly quickly, a person would survive with few if any irreversible injuries after an accidental exposure to vacuum. More recently, astronauts on the International Space Station found an air leak from a hole made by a technician on the ground in Russia. They were in no danger of losing their air right away, but they had to go to some effort to get it plugged safely and permanently. Edited and updated by Carolyn Collins Petersen.

Ethical Debate on Assisted Suicide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Ethical Debate on Assisted Suicide - Essay Example This is because they have adequate knowledge to assist persons commit suicide. The ethical debate on assisted suicide is not as recent as most people assume. Examining the principles of medical ethics sheds light on these issues. In the 4th century B.C, the Hippocratic Oath took precedence as guidance to doctor patient relationship. One section of this oath holds that the doctor should not administer, or advice persons to administer lethal drugs. The Platonian philosophical error focused an immense deal on not only the moral but also the psychological (social) and theological (religious) questions on suicide. However, the ancient debates on suicide and assisted suicide for that matter take little account of the self. Instead, these debates focus on the social role and responsibility of the person committing suicide. Religion, on the other hand, takes a rather different approach. In Christianity, for instance, killing is wrong whether done to self or others. The contradiction is that most religions hold the virtue of compassion with endearment. While other parties will use this same virtue to root for assisted suicide, religion still views it as wrong (Gorsuch, 2009). Philosophy, like most religions, acknowledges the human ability to distinguish right from wrong. Upon this foundation, a philosopher may examine the issue of assisted suicide from one feasible approach. This first approach requires that one assumes that all factors held constant, an individual in their right state of mind in whatever decision they make reflect their moral, religious, philosophical and by extension ethical convictions. As such, a person choosing death instead of life must have examined their options and tagged assisted suicide â€Å"best option†. Fernandes (2008) while reflecting on some of the arguments

Rise of the Strategic Bomber Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rise of the Strategic Bomber - Research Paper Example It had the capacity to destroy even the cities, harbors and other industries. It was strong enough to completely destroy the target area. When compared to a normal bomber, strategic bomber had the ability to transform the fertile place to a place where no habitat can exist. Strategic bombers were larger aircrafts which carried more bombs and weapons. The smaller fighter planes and jet bombers carried only the normal bombs that could move away the enemies. Strategic bombers were invented to destroy the enemies. They were specially designed aircrafts that were used by almost all the countries during the war period. (Quanback, 1976).The severity of World War led to the development of such machines. Bombers were the important component of any country’s military troop. (Boot, 2006). They satisfied the requisites of the military troops and hence they became an essential part of any war. Since then the strategic bombers have gone through tremendous improvement and it has spread to almost all the countries. The First World War led to the invention of these bombers since the soldiers alone could not manage in the war front. A special machine that could control the enemies was in need of the hour. Most of the European and Russian countries made use of the se bombers. Iraq was one of the countries which faced several attacks from the American nation. (MacIssac, 1976). These countries made the best use of such strategic bombers which in turn contributed to the development of these aircrafts. Post First World War, the bombers went through a drastic improvement. Till then the bombers were simple aircraft which carried bombs. These aircrafts were smaller in size and carried only a limited number of bombs. The engineers then designed aircrafts that carried more number of bombs and the size of the aircraft was considerably bigger. Cold war affected the development of these strategic bombers. During the beginning of Cold

Report in phonology and pronunciation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Report in phonology and pronunciation - Essay Example On the other hand, Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) has 28 consonants ranging from fricatives, stops, lateral nasals, trill and semi-vowels. In addition, the Arabic consonant system is divided into two distinctive classes, which are emphatic and pharyngeal phonemes. Moreover, Arabic also has emphatic consonants such as /t/, /d/, /?/, and /s/. The table below 1 represents distribution of Arabic consonants Initial Medial Final /b/ bajt ?abd ba?b /t/ tarjama Xatama bu?t /d/ darb izdija?d Suru?d /k/ kam masku?n sikak /q/ qumtu baqqAl Dalq /?/ ?an ja?s bari /b?/ - qabbala dubb /t?/ - qAttala batt /d?/ - qaddama madd /k?/ - taSakkur Sakk The table below shows the plot of English consonants On a closer observation, Arabic has 13 phonemes, for instance, /t ?/, /t ?/,/s/, /x/, /?/, /d?/, /d?/, /q/, /?/, /?/, /?/, /?/, and /r/. Though Arabic and English share some phonemes, they differ in phonological rules, which limit concurrence of some allophones. For example, in English, the phoneme /l/ is co nsidered a velarized allophone at the end of words while in Arabic the same phoneme is realized as non-velarized at the end of words. In addition, the distribution of allophones is different in English and Arabic whereby the bilabial [p], which is voiceless and the bilabial [b], which is voiced occur as allophones of two phonemes in English (Amer 2010). In contrast, in Arabic the [p] occurs prior to the voiceless consonant, but [b] occurs somewhere else. Others such as /d/ and /t/ in Arabic are dental, but in English are alveolar while /v/ does not occur completely in Arabic. This may cause difficulties for Arabic learners of English due to contrasts in English such as /f?n/ fan and/v?n/ van. The sound /l/ occurs both in Arabic and English; however, in Arabic /?/ it is restricted to words like /a:h/. Therefore, /l/ in Arabic is used in positions of medial, final and initial while in English, /l/ is used in the position of initial and medial (Watson, 2002). Another sound that is enti rely different in English and Arabic languages is /r/ whereby it is a tongue tip trill in Arabic and a back alveolar in English. Therefore, this may present a problem for learners of English from the Arabic language because they attempt to the English /r/ with the Arabic one. b. Consonant Clusters Consonant cluster is also another element of phonemic that presents several differences among the two languages. In English, two or more consonants may follow one another to create consonant clusters or sequences. For example, for three consonant clusters: sleep, dogs, cuts, for three consonant clusters: risked, plunged, street, for seven consonant clusters: tempts strangers. Consonants can occur at the final position or initial position in English words, for example, â€Å"some of the consonants at the beginning of word are /b/ followed by /l, r, j/ as in bright, blame, beautiful, /g/ followed by /l, r/ as in gross, glare and /k/ followed by /l, r, w, j/ as in queen, clip, queue, crimeâ €  (Ladefoged 2001, p.56). On the other hand, there are other consonants that appear at the end of English words, for example, /t/ and /d/ as in wished, plunged, raised, risked, /s/ and /z/ as in yields, eats, risks and gives and /s/ and /z as in facts, fields, dogs, and books. In Arabic, there is no particular sequence for two or more consonants occurring in final and medial position. Arabic cluster involves breaking of the consonant cluster by an intrusive

You Decide Activity Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

You Decide Activity - Assignment Example However in Carol’s case, it is clear that she does not need that maternity leave. This is evident as Bob the Union leader states, â€Å"First, maternity leaves are necessary for the physical health and recovery of the mother. Second, the bond formed between mother and child is an important component of child rearing.† This itself is the testament that Carol did not fulfill the first aspect of the leave itself, which should support the court to dismiss her case. Moreover, from a legal aspect- maternity is defined in an instance where a mother has conceived a child. Although the organization understand that this may be mentally exhaust Carol’s ability not to conceive, it does not grant her the right to take a maternity leave due to the fact she is not conceiving. Secondly, the vacation allocation of Carol seems to be illogical. If Carol wanted to request this vacation, she should have let her manager be aware of these circumstances. Instead, she takes a vacation of two weeks and then informs her manager after she comes back that she wants to go in a maternity leave. This type of behavior is not tolerable because her manager has now to allocate resources to her workload. It seems that this is against compliance. First and foremost, he Family and Medical Leave Act  protects the job of any worker who must take time away from work due to a serious illness, a sick family member or to care for a newborn, adopted or foster child. Under FML, mothers are able to time away regardless of the fact if the kids are fraternal or not. Furthermore, the bargaining act makes it clear that mothers are allowed to have up to 6 months of leave. If this in fact is the case, then there is no violation of the law as the collective argument upholds this. Secondly, the focal point is that the law explicitly states that maternal or adoption leave. Looking at ACE-AFSME

How does the history of India's textile industries reflect the growth Term Paper

How does the history of India's textile industries reflect the growth and decline of colonialism - Term Paper Example This has also comprised of a significant component of trade in Portugal.1 Traditionally, the textile industry in India is the only industry that generated huge employment in the country after agriculture. Textile industry is the second largest income and employment generating sector in India. Textile industry occupies a special position in India, and accounts for over 14 percent of total production. This approximates to 30 percent total exports. The industry provides one of the basic needs in the country, hence enhance maintenance of sustainable growth and improve the quality of life. The industry holds a unique position as a self reliant industry, ranging from raw material production to delivery of finished products, accompanied by the addition of value at every stage. This paper evaluates how the textile industry in India reflects the growth and decline of colonialism.1 History of Textile Industry India’s textile industry remains remarkable worldwide for production and suppl y of textile goods. The industry was virtually decayed during the colonial period. Nevertheless, the modern textile industry dates back at the beginning of 19th century after the establishment of the first textile mill in Calcutta in 1818. The textile industry, however, made a real beginning in 1850s in Bombay, with the first textile mill established in 1854 by the Parsi cotton merchant who engaged in internal and overseas trade afterwards. Indeed, vast majority of early mills were by handiwork merchants who engaged in the cloth trade in markets at home and in African2 markets. The cotton mill in Ahmedabad was established in 1871 and emerged as a rival centre to the one in Bombay. The Gujarati trading class facilitated the development of the cotton mills at Ahmedabad. The industry has since then expanded rapidly, especially during the second half of 19th century that saw the establishment of 178 cotton mills. However, in 1900, the textile industry was in a very bad state due to incr eased due to famine leading to mot mills in Bombay and Ahmedabad closed for long periods. By 1945, the mills had employed more than 5.10 lahk workers. The industry is described as Swadesh as it was developed from the indigenous entrepreneurship as well as capital in the pre-independence era when the Swedish movement stimulated the demand for the Indian textile. The country’s partition during independence affected the textile industry when the Indian union gotten 409 out of available 423 mills in undivided India. This saw 14 mills and 22 percent of the land going to Pakistan. Also, some mills were closed down making most Indian mills import their cotton from Pakistan and other countries after independence. After independence, the country made more rapid strides under the plans. This saw doubling of the spindles from 11 to 22 million between 1951 and 1982. This further increased during 1989-90. The colonialists used textile industry for their own personal gain where they exploi ted the weavers and created a cultural hotch-potch. This affected native cultures where the indigenous production moulds and design patterns underwent major modifications at the onslaught of the alien culture. This sometimes encouraged virtual extinction of some valuable native crafts. The colonial history of the textile industry in India can be split into two phases; 17th and 18th centuries. During this period, Indian muslins and calicoes enhanced commerce in the European East India Companies. The second phase of